Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is a commonly performed surgical procedure to relieve pain and restore function in individuals suffering from severe knee arthritis or joint damage. In this process, while surgery addresses the structural problem, successful recovery largely depends on a well-planned physiotherapy rehabilitation programme. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in reducing pain, improving mobility, restoring strength and helping patients return to daily activities safely and confidently.
The surgery is just the beginning. After knee replacement surgery, patients often experience pain, swelling, stiffness and muscle weakness, especially in the quadriceps and hamstrings. Without proper rehabilitation, these issues can limit knee movement and delay recovery. This is where Physiotherapy makes a difference by preventing complications such as joint stiffness, blood clots and poor gait patterns, while promoting faster healing and long-term joint function. Let’s look at the role of physiotherapy in different phases of recovery.
Physiotherapy usually begins within 24 hours after surgery. The initial focus is on pain management, reducing swelling, and gentle movement. Therapists encourage early mobilization, including assisted walking with a walker or crutches. Exercises such as ankle pumps, quadriceps sets, heel slides, and gentle knee bending help improve circulation and prevent stiffness. Breathing exercises and positioning techniques are also taught to enhance comfort and safety.
Physiotherapy becomes even more relevant and effective as pain and swelling decrease. The goal during this phase is to improve knee range of motion, aiming for at least 90–110 degrees of bending, and to gradually increase muscle strength. Strengthening exercises for the quadriceps, hamstrings and hip muscles are key in this phase along with balance and coordination training. Gait training helps patients walk more naturally, while stair-climbing techniques are taught to improve independence in daily activities.
In the advanced stage, the focus of physiotherapy is on restoring full functional ability. Exercises become more challenging and may include resistance training, stationary cycling, step-ups and functional activities such as squatting and prolonged walking. Balance and proprioception exercises help improve joint stability and confidence. The therapist also guides patients on returning to work, recreational activities and low-impact sports such as swimming or cycling.
There is no doubt that physiotherapy is key to a speedy recovery in TKR. A structured physiotherapy programme ensures that exercises are performed correctly and safely, reducing the risk of injury or implant stress. Regular supervision allows therapists to customise rehabilitation based on the patient’s age, fitness level and recovery progress. Education on posture, joint protection and lifestyle modifications further enhances long-term outcomes.
Physiotherapy is an essential component of total knee replacement rehabilitation. Through a phased and personalised approach, it is instrumental in helping patients regain mobility, strength and independence while minimising complications. Consistent physiotherapy, combined with home exercises and adherence to medical advice, ensures a smoother recovery and a better quality of life after knee replacement surgery.
Neotia Mediplus OPD & Diagnostics Clinic (A Unit of PARK HOSPITALS)
CIN : U85110WB1990NPL049713
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