Blog Details

Physiotherapy for Trigger Finger

What is Trigger Finger?

Trigger finger is a condition also known as stenosing tenosynovitis. In an afflicted person, one of the fingers or the thumb becomes locked in a bent position. The reason for this is that the tendon that controls the movement of the finger becomes inflamed and thickened. This makes it difficult to straighten or bend the finger and causes pain, stiffness, and a characteristic "catching" or "snapping" sensation when moving the finger. Treatment for trigger finger usually involves conservative treatments like rest, splinting and medication. In addition, physiotherapy has proven to be highly effective in managing and treating trigger finger.

What causes Trigger Finger?

The causes of Trigger finger are not hard to find. It is usually caused by repetitive motions or overuse of the finger, leading to irritation and inflammation of the tendon sheath. Some people are more susceptible to this condition such as the ones who perform tasks that involve gripping or grasping. People who do manual labour or musicians who play string instruments are particularly prone to trigger finger. Other risk factors include diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or simply ageing.

To put it simply, when the tendon becomes inflamed, it has difficulty sliding smoothly through the tendon sheath, causing the finger to become "stuck" in a bent position. This may ultimately result in the finger locking in a flexed position, making it difficult to extend without force.

How can physiotherapy help?

As mentioned earlier, physiotherapy is particularly useful in treating Trigger Finger. It offers a non-invasive and effective treatment option for trigger finger, particularly in its early stages. A physiotherapist can help to reduce inflammation, improve tendon glide and restore normal function to the affected finger. Physiotherapy aims to provide afflicted persons with pain relief and increased mobility while preventing further tendon damage.

• Stretching and Strengthening Exercises: Among the key elements of physiotherapy for trigger finger is a series of gentle stretching and strengthening exercises. These exercises aim to improve the flexibility of the finger tendons and increase the range of motion in the affected joint. Stretching exercises, in particular, help to reduce stiffness and prevent the finger from becoming stuck in a bent position. Strengthening exercises may focus on the muscles around the hand and forearm to support the affected tendon.
• Soft Tissue Mobilisation: Soft Tissue mobilization techniques like Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) are useful in helping to reduce inflammation and promote healing in the affected tendon and surrounding muscles. These techniques result in increased blood circulation to the area, reducing stiffness and alleviating pain.
• Splinting: A splint is often recommended to immobilise the affected finger during the healing process. This reduces movement and prevents further irritation of the tendon, especially during sleep when finger movements are often unconsciously triggered. Splints allow the tendon to heal without further strain.
• Ergonomic Advice: Physiotherapists also provide ergonomic education for trigger finger that includes guidance on proper hand positioning, grip techniques and modifications to daily tasks to reduce strain on the affected finger. This may involve adjustments to work habits or daily activities to prevent aggravating the condition.

When to start physiotherapy?

Recognising symptoms is crucial to knowing when to start physiotherapy. If you experience symptoms such as pain, swelling, or stiffness in a finger that affects your ability to move it normally, physiotherapy is advisable. Early intervention prevents the condition from worsening or becoming chronic. If left untreated, trigger finger may require more invasive treatments, such as corticosteroid injections or even surgery.

Tackling trigger finger effectively

Trigger finger is a condition that affects many and it can be quite painful and debilitating. That’s where the right physiotherapy treatment can make a world of difference and ensure significant improvement. Through a combination of exercises, manual therapy and education, physiotherapists can help restore finger function, reduce pain and prevent recurrence. Talk to a physiotherapist at the earliest if you are plagued by trigger finger.

Note: The information provided in this blog is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before making any changes to your diet, exercise or health regimen. The authors and publishers of this blog are not responsible for any adverse effects or consequences resulting from the use or application of any information presented herein.