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Pulmonology

The study and treatment of Respiratory Disorders

Pulmonology is a branch of medicine that specialises in diagnosing and treating diseases of the lungs and other parts of the respiratory system. It involves a thorough understanding of the complex structures and functions of the lungs, airways, and the muscles that support breathing. Diseases that are treated by pulmonologists, the doctors specialising in this field, include chronic ones like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pneumonia as well as common respiratory problems.

Respiratory conditions treated by pulmonologists

Everyone is aware of the common respiratory disease, asthma. This chronic inflammatory disease of the airways causes wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing and can be quite distressing. A combination of medications and lifestyle modifications are required to reduce symptoms of asthma and improve lung function.

Another respiratory disease that affects many and has to be managed by pulmonologists is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). This is a progressive disease often caused by smoking and includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, which can lead to breathing difficulties and a reduced quality of life. This disease too needs to be treated by symptom management, oxygen therapy and lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking.

Pulmonology also treats varied lung infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and bronchitis. Post diagnosis by pulmonologists, these conditions usually have to be treated with a combination of antibiotics, antiviral medications, or other therapies, depending on the underlying cause.

Lung cancer is another dreaded diseases that involves and requires the intervention of pulmonologists. As with any other type of cancer, early diagnosis and intervention is crucial and can significantly improve outcomes and chances. This makes screenings and diagnostic tools like CT scans crucial for the successful management and treatment of this deadly disease.

Pulmonology: Making rapid progress

Over the years, there have been rapid advancements in pulmonology which have led to improved diagnostic tools, treatment options, and preventive strategies.

One of the most notable developments has been Bronchoscopy. This diagnostic tool involves a procedure in which a flexible tube is inserted into the airways for examination, and is invaluable for identifying blockages, tumours, and infections in the lungs.

Pulmonary rehabilitation programmes have also over time become an important part of managing chronic respiratory conditions and are invaluable in assisting patients in improving their physical endurance and quality of life.

Another significant advancement has been the development of biologic therapies which are extremely useful for treating conditions like asthma and COPD and has radically changed the way pulmonologists approach treatment.

Pulmonology addresses the growing incidence of respiratory diseases worldwide and works to improve respiratory health and enhance patients’ lives. Positioned at the forefront of the fight against respiratory challenges, the role of pulmonology and pulmonologists cannot be overemphasised.